Polity : Quiz - 3 | De Facto IAS

11. Consider the following statements about the Executive in India:

(1) It is responsible for the implementation of laws and policies.

(2) It plays an important role in policy formulation.

(3) It includes the Prime Minister as well as the civil servants.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 1 and 2 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

Ans: (d) Explanation: Statement 1 and 2 are correct. The Executive is the branch of government responsible for the implementation of laws and policies adopted by the Legislature. In Indian system, the Executive (ruling party government) is involved in both the formulation of laws (legislative domain) and policies as well as their execution. Statement 3 is correct. The official designations of the Executive vary from country to country. Some countries have presidents, while others have chancellors. The Executive branch is not only about presidents, prime ministers and ministers but it also extends to the administrative machinery (civil servants). While the heads of government and their ministers, saddled with the overall responsibility of government policy, are together known as the Political Executive, those responsible for day to day administration are called the Permanent Executive.

Source: NCERT Class 11th Chapter 4, Indian Constitution at work Page No. 79-80

12. Powers of the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha are coequal in which of the following

subject matters?

(1) Introduction and passage of Ordinary Bills

(2) Introduction and passage of Constitutional Amendment Bills

(3) Election and impeachment of the President

(4) Removal of the Vice-President

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

(a) 1 only

(b) 1, 2 and 3 only

(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Ans: (d) In bicameral legislature, there is some difference between the powers of the two houses. There are certain powers exercised only by Rajya Sabha like removing a matter from state list and adding to Union or Concurrent lists. There are certain powers exercised only by Lok Sabha like responsibility of Council of Ministers only to the Lok Sabha and not Rajya Sabha. The powers of Lok Sabha are co-equal with Rajya Sabha in matters of introduction and passage of ordinary bills and non-money bills, Introduction and passage of constitutional amendment bills, election and impeachment of president and election and removal of the Vice-President.

Source: NCERT class 11th: Indian constitutions at work; page no 110.

13. Consider the following statements:

(1) All provisions of the Constitution of India came into effect on 26 November

1949.

(2) Minority Rights were neglected while framing the Constitution.

(3) Motilal Nehru framed the first Constitution of India in 1928, which was adopted

by the Indian National Congress without opposition.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

(d) None of the above

(d) Explanation: Statement 1 is incorrect: Majority of the provisions of the Constitution came into force on 26 January 1950. Only some provisions relating to Citizenship, Elections, provisional Parliament, temporary & transitional provisions were given immediate effect on 26 November 1949 to prevent governance deficit. Statement 2 is incorrect: There was a minority sub-committee on fundamental rights headed by H.C. Mukherjee. Thus, minority rights and protection in post-partition India were given due thought and provisions were specified in the Constitution after Constituent Assembly debates. Statement 3 is incorrect: Though a draft Constitution was framed by Motilal Nehru in 1928, but it was not adopted by the Congress. It was opposed by the likes of Jawaharlal Nehru, Subhash Bose and others because of dominion status. Later, the Indian National Congress adopted Poorna Swaraj in the Karachi Session.

Source: Class 9th NCERT Democratic Politics-I; Chapter 3: page 45, 48, 52

14. With reference to ‘Local Government provisions before 73rd and 74th amendments to

the Indian Constitution’, which of the following statements is/are correct?

(1) The subject of Local Government was assigned to the State Governments.

(2) It was mentioned in the Directive Principles of State Policy.

(3) These provisions were justiciable and enforceable in court of law.

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

(a) 1 only

(b) 3 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

Ans: (c) Explanation: When the Constitution was prepared, the subject of local government was assigned to the States. It was also mentioned in the Directive Principles under Article 40; as one of the policy directives to all governments in the country. Thus, Statements 1 and 2 are correct. Being a part of the Directive Principles of State Policy, this provision of the Constitution was non-justiciable and primarily advisory in its nature. Hence, Statement 3 is incorrect.

Source- XI NCERT Indian Constitution at Work; Page - 180

15. Which of the following pairs are correctly matched?

Country : Form of Government

1. Japan : Presidential

2. Canada : Parliamentary Democracy with a Constitutional Monarchy

3. France : Semi-Presidential

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

Ans: (b) Explanation: Pair 1 is incorrect: Japan has a parliamentary system with the Emperor as the Head of the State and the Prime Minister as the Head of Government. Pair 2 is correct: Canada has a parliamentary democracy with a constitutional monarchy where Queen Elizabeth II is the formal Chief of State and the Prime Minister is the Head of Government. Pair 3 is correct: In France, both the President and the Prime Minister are a part of the semi-presidential system. The President appoints the Prime Minister as well as the ministers but cannot dismiss them as they are responsible to the Parliament. Value Addition: Italy has a parliamentary system with the President as the formal Head of State and the Prime Minister as the Head of Government. Russia has a semi- presidential system where President is the Head of State and Prime Minister, who is appointed by the President, is the Head of Government. Germany has a parliamentary system in which the President is the ceremonial Head of State and the Chancellor is the Head of Government.

Source: Chapter 4, 11th NCERT Indian Constitution at Work Pg. 80