1. The Parliament of India acquires the power to legislate on any item in the State List in the national interest if a resolution to that effect is passed by the

(a) Lok Sabha by a simple majority of its total membership.

(b) Lok Sabha by a majority of not less than two-thirds of its total membership.

(c) Rajya Sabha by a simple majority of its total membership.

(d) Rajya Sabha by a majority of not less than two-thirds of its members present and voting.

(d) If the Rajya Sabha declares that it is necessary in the national interest that Parliament should make laws on a matter in the State List, then the Parliament becomes competent to make laws on that matter. Such a resolution must be passed by the Rajya Sabha by a majority of not less than two-third of its members present and voting.

2. Which one of the following objectives is not embodied in the Preamble to the Constitution of India?

(a) Liberty of thought

(b) Economic liberty

(c) Liberty of expression

(d) Liberty of belief

(b) Read the preamble given in any school textbook: "We, the people of India,....LIBERTY of thought,

expression, belief, faith and worship…"So, "B" is the answer.

3. The mind of the makers of the Constitution of India is reflected in which of the following?

(a) The Preamble

(b) The Fundamental Rights

(c) The Directive Principles of State Policy

(d) The Fundamental Duties

(a) Sir Alladi Krishnaswami Iyer, a member of the Constituent Assembly, had said 'The Preamble to our Constitution expresses what we had thought or dreamt so long." So "A" is the answer.

4. Which of the following are envisaged by the Right against Exploitation in the Constitution of India?

1. Prohibition of traffic in human beings and forced labour

2. Abolition of untouchability

3. Protection of the interests of minorities

4. Prohibition of employment of children in factories and mines

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

(a) 1, 2 and 4 only

(b) 2, 3 and 4 only

(c) 1 and 4 only

(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

(c) Prof.DD Basu classifies fundamental right in following manner :

Right to equality : Abolition of untouchability. S "2" is wrong in the classification. This eliminates A and D.

Right against exploitation :

• Prohibition of human trafficking and forced Labour.

• Prohibition of employment of children in factories etc.

• So 1 and 4 are fitting.

Cultural and educational rights :

• Minorities rights.

• So 3 is wrong in classification.

5. Which one of the following statements is correct?

(a) Rights are claims of the State against the citizens.

(b) Rights are privileges which are incorporated in the Constitution of a State.

(c) Rights are claims of the citizens against the State.

(d) Rights are privileges of a few citizens against the many.

(c) New NCERT,Std. 11, Political Theory Chapter 5: Rights , Page 72

• Through these rights, people make demands upon the state. So, "C" is most fitting answer.